Projects

Introduction to Fiefdom Project

 In the next couple of weeks we will be designing and building a fiefdom. The project will be built in a game called Minecraft. It will need to be the same scale as a real fiefdom. One block in minecraft is 1 meter long so it needs to be built as that measurement. This is a group effort so there would be different objectives for different people. 

Questions

Castle by David Macaulay

1.   Who were the people dependent on? The people were dependent on the lord of the manor.
2. Where did they choose to build? And why? They built it next to a river for an escape route. There was also and uphill ramp to have some defense.
3. What was the first ring of the castle called? The first ring of the castle was the city.
4. How long will the walls be on the outer curtain? The walls on the outer curtain is 300 feet.
5. How thick was the inner curtain? How high? The thickness of the inner wall was 12 feet thick. It was 35 feet high.
6.  Make a Sketch: Link of sketch: Click here to see the sketch
7.  What's the center of the inner ward? The center of the inner wards was the living quarters.
8. How many entrances in the town wall? How are they protected? The town wall had three entrances. They were protected by double towered gate houses.
9. Why did people move to towns? They moved for work and start a new life.
10.  What are the walls filled with? The walls were filled with rubble.
11. How are the windows designed, starting from the bottom to the top of the towers? Windows were made with iron gilts and had wooden doors. Window openings had to be small. The higher rooms had larger windows.
12. What are crenulations used for? Crenulations were for archers to shoot in both ways.
13. Why are the gate houses not lined up from the inner to the outer ward? If the outer wall was broken, enemies would have to find another way.
14. How are the tower levels divided?The levels are divided from bottom to top: basement, supply room, and living and working rooms. The dungeon is unknown.
15. What defenses are in a gate house? The defenses are: closing doors, close gate, Open windows for archers, and murderhole.
16. What are the buildings made of? The buildings are made of stone, timber, woven hay, wopple mud, cow dun, straw.
17. What lived on the bottom floor of the barracks? The top? The top has noble guards and the bottom had animals.
18. What is a garderobe? A garderobe is a restroom.
19. Why were nicer rooms higher in the towers? It could have larger windows and it also has a good source of light.
20.  How thick were the walls? The walls were 12 feet thick.
21. What was used to heat the rooms? A stone fireplace or fire was used to heat a room.
22. How many rooms were in a tower? There were 3-4 rooms in a tower.
23. What was the most important room in a castle?The most important room in a castle is the great hall.
24. How did peasants live? Peasants lived in wooden sheds, had crowded sheep beds, and finished the day cold, hungry, and exhausted.
25. What was the main material that was used to build medieval homes? The main materials that were used to build medieval homes were wattle and daub. Some houses had a timberframe structure.
26. What is wattle? What is daub? Wattle is woven wood. Daub is mud, cow dun, and straw.
27. Why did people settle in towns? People settled in towns for the strong walls, low taxes, and a promise of a better life.
28. What was the best location in a town? The best location in town is next to a well for water supply.
29. What were the floors made of? The floors were made of pathdirt and reeves.
30. What were the windows covered with? The windows are covered with oil sheep skin.
31. What was the main source of heat and light. The main source of heat and light was fire.
32. Why would no one want to live behind the butcher shop? There would be a lot of groaning from dying animals.
33. What does the barber do?  (besides cut hair) The barber cures illness.
34. Are there sewers? There are no sewers.
35. Are their toilets? There are toilets.
36. Where does the waste go? The waste goes into a separate below.

Video link on youtube: 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGbPShUpjpg

Fiefdom Vocabulary

Fiefdom Vocabulary

1. Fiefdom: Domain of a feudal lord.
2. Feudalism: The king offers land in exchange for military service.
3. Monarch: A sovereign head of state.
4. Lord: A master or ruler
5. Vassal: a holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance.
6. Knight: (in the Middle Ages) a man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor.
7. Peasant: a poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries).
8. Commoner: an ordinary person, without rank or title
9. Serf: an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.
10. Tradesman: a person engaged in trading or a trade, typically on a relatively small scale.
11. Merchant: a person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade.
12. Castle: a large building or group of buildings fortified against attack with thick walls, battlements, towers, and in many cases a moat.
13. Moat: a deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle, fort, or town, typically filled with water and intended as a defense against attack.
14. Guild: a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.
15. Abbey: 
    the building or buildings occupied by a community of monks or nuns.
16. High Middle Ages: The period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries.
17. 100 Year's War: A war between France and England that lasted from the middle of the fourteenth century to the middle of the fifteenth. The kings of England invaded France, trying to claim the throne.
18. Black Death: The Black Death was an epidemic outbreak of bubonic plague in Europe around 1348 that killed between one-third and two-thirds of the population in less than five years.

Citations: Google Definitions

http://www.dictionary.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Middle_Ages

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/black-death-45

Projects

Introduction to Meal Project

We will be cooking a medieval meal as a project. It will include the main course and the side dish. We thought we might go ahead and make a drink with that. The price of the meal would probably be pretty high due to the fact that we are adding some extra things to it. This meal will need an oven and stove. We found a place so we got that covered. All we need is cooking and testing.

Medieval Meal

Medieval Meal

I had four people in my group and we cooked Tartys in Applis. Two of us cut and grated the apples and the other two `made powder douce, it was the spice. We got the grated apples, the powder douce,and the figs and put it in a bowl. We mixed all of it together. We put all in the crust and put it in the oven at 350 degrees for 40 minutes. While that was cooking we made the Pottage of Turnips. We cut the turnips into squares and put them in a bowl. We diced onions and put it in with the turnips. Also, we put some powder douce in. We then put chicken broth in a pot and put the turnips and onions in the pot. We cooked it until it boiled. When that was cooking we made the Barley Water. First, we put the barley seeds in a bowl. Then we put sugar in. After that we squeezed a lemon in. Finally, we boiled it. After the barley water is don we placed it in a cup and put ice in so it can be served. Once we took the pie out we placed it on the table to be served. For the Pottage of Turnips we scooped some out to place it in a bowl and serve it. When we ate it, some of us disliked the Barley Water. Some liked the pie. In my opinion, i thought the pie was a bit too sweet. I would give this meal a 7 out of 10.

Salah Ad Din

Salah Ad-Din 

           Salah Ad-Din (1138-1193) was known as the champion of Islam. He was born in Tikrat on 1138 and grew up to be a Kurdish warrior. He became the sultan of Egypt and founded the Ayyubi dynasty of Egypt and Syria. His greatest achievement was at the Battle of Haddin. From this battle, he paved the way for Islamic re-conquest of Jerusalem and other holy land cities in the near east. Once Richard I was sick during the king's crusade, Salah Ad-Din gifted him fruits and vegetables. The reason he gave him the fruits and vegetables is to negotiate a truce. King Richard the Lionhearted (1157-1199) was the King of England at the time and led a the Third Crusade against Jerusalem. After getting all of his food taken and his water poisoned, he couldn't take Jerusalem and had to accept the treaty from Salah Ad- Din so his troops could stay alive. He was also the third son of Henry III and was given the duchy of Aquitaine when he was only 11. 

Food Recipes

   Medieval Pre- Colombian Meal Notes

Filling

-Apple: Red Delicious, Apples 4-5 quantity
$2.00-2.50
-Figs: Figs 6 chopped quantity.
$6.50
-Raisins: 1/4 cup quantity.
Price: Free! Steal from school!
-Salt: 1/4 tsp. quantity
Price: Free! We have it at home!
-Pinch Saffron
Price: $10.00
Total Price: About $19.00!

Powder Douce 

- Ginger: 3 Tbs. quantity.
Price: $4.27.
-Sugar: 2 Tbs. quantity.
Price: Free! We have it at our houses!
-Cinnamon: 1 1/2 Tbs. quantity.
Price: $4.25.
-Cloves: 1 Tbs. quantity.
Price: $5.09
-Nutmeg: 1 Tbs. quantity.
Price: $5.89
Total Price- About 20.00!

Short Paest For Tarts

-Flour: 1 1/2 quantity.
Price: $3.00
-Butter: 4 Tbs. quantity.
Free! We have it at our houses!!
-Eggs: 2 quantity.
Free!! We have it at our houses!
-Pinch Saffron
Free! Already bought!!
-Water: 3/8 cups quantity.
Free!! We have it already...hopefully!
Total Price- About $3.00! 

Barley Water

-Pearl Barley: 1/4 cup quantity.
Price: $9.00.
-Sugar: 2 Tbs. quantity.
Price: Free!! We have it at home!
-Boiling Water: 2 cups quantity.
Price: Free!! We have it at home!
-Lemons: 4 quantity
Price: Free!! We have it at home!!!
Total Price: About $9.00!

Pottage of Turnips 

- Turnips- 4-5 quantity.

Price- $11.00. 

-Medium Onions: 1/2 quantity. 

Price: Free!! We have it at our house!! 

-Chicken or Vegetable Broth: 2 cups quantity. 

Price: Free! We have it at home!!!! 

-Salt: 1/4 Tsp. quantity. 

Price: Free!!!! We have it at home!

-Powder Douce: 1/2 Tsp. quantity. 

Fee!! We already made it!! 

Total Price: About $11.00! 

Total Price For Meal: About $62.00!!!!!!! 

Citations: http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/indexesy.html

http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/appletart.html  
http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/barleywater.html
Amazon.com 
http://medievalcookery.com/recipes/douce.html 
http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/shortpaest.html 
http://www.medievalcookery.com/recipes/pottage.html

 

Compare and Contrast Magna Carta and U.S. Constitution

Magna Carta:

• If you do not pay debt, you will be killed. 
• The parliament would levy taxes not the king.
• The king cannot take land from anyone anymore
• A knight can guard the castle, but if he cannot for reasons then another responsible man can.
• Slavery still existed

Similar:

• They both have the right to believe in whatever religion they want and the churches are no longer closed.
• Everyone has the right to a fair trial.
• Both include the right of fair fines.
• Punishments must fit the crime in order to be fair.

U.S. Constitution:

• If you do not pay debt, you will be jailed
• The congress levies taxes not the president.
• Private property should not be taken for public use
• It talks about how land can be taken away from the owner.
• No soldier can be lodged in a house during the time in peace or in time of war without the owners permission.
• Slavery is not allowed unless it is used as a punishment.

Sources: https://prezi.com/silvhakc1-qk/comparing-the-magna-carta-and-us-constitution/

Magna Carta Article 29

U.S. Constitution Vocabulary

Vocabulary

• Domestic: Family relations or running a home.
• Tranquility: calm
• Herein: In this document or book
• Requisite: Made necessary by particular circumstances or regulations.
• Apportioned: to divide
• Subsequent: Following
• Enumeration: count
• Vacancies: An unoccupied position
• Impeachment: When an official does something unlawful which may require the removal of the official.
• Superseded: Supplant 
• Chuse: choose
• Pro Tempore: Temporarily
• Preside: Be in position of authority in a meeting or gathering
• Indictment: A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
• Adjourn: To postpone or defer to a later time
• Continuance: The state of remaining in existence or operation
• Concur: agree
• Impost: a tax or similar compulsory payment
• Excises: charge tax
• Post Roads: A road for postal mail
• Constitute: Be part of a whole
• Piracies: Robbing ships at sea
• License Marque: A license to capture enemy ships
• Reprisal: counterattack
• Suppress: put an end to
• Insurrections: Resistance in civil authority or an established government
• Repel: force an attack back or away
• Disciplining: Training someone to obey rules
• Cession: the formal giving up rights, property, or territory, especially by state
• Vested: secured in the possession of or assigned to person
• Ex post facto: with retroactive effect or force
• Obliged: Make someone legally or morally bound to an action or course of action
• Emolument: payment
• Emit: put into circulation
• Quorum: the minimum number of members of an assembly or society that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings of that meeting valid
• Attained: Accomplish
• Resignation: Leaving
• Diminished: made smaller or less
• Solemnly: agree
• Affirm: state as a fact
• Pardons: forgiving
• Expedient: convenient
• Convene: call
• Ambassador: Representative
• Conviction: Declaration of guilt
• Bribery: graft
• Misdemeanors:  A minor wrongdoing
• Ordain: Make someone a priest or minister, confer holy orders on.
• Maritime: Connected with the sea
• Jurisdiction: The official power to make legal decisions and judgements
• Controversies: disagreement
• Adhering: bond
• Testimony: Evidence
• Attainder: the forfeiture of land and civil rights suffered as a consequences of a sentence of death for treason or felony
• Judicial: legal
• Immunities: protection or exemption from something, especially an obligation or penalty
• Labour: Hard work
• Deem: consider
• Suffrage: The right to vote in political elections
• Notwithstanding: In spite of
• Unanimous:Two or more people in an agreement
• Hereunto: To this document.
• Deputy: A person whose immediate superior is a senior figure within an organization and who is empowered to act as a substitute for this superior.
• Abridge: Rights or privileges
• Redress: Remedy or set right
• Grievances: Injustice
• Infringed: Actively break the law of the law, agreement, etc.
• Infamous: Known for some bad deed
• Compelled: Force someone to do something
• Compensation: Something, typically money, awarded to someone as a recompense for loss, injury, or suffering.
• Prosecution: The institution and conducting of legal proceedings against someone in respect of a criminal charge.
• Impartial: treating all rivals or disputants equally
• Wherein: In which
• Ascertained:Find something out for certain make sure of
• Accusation: A charge or claim that someone has done something illegal or wrong
• Compulsory: Obligatory
• Inflicted: Causing something to be suffered by someone or something
• Disparage: Regard or represent as being little worth
• Construed: Interpret in a particular way
• Ballot: A process of voting, in writing and typically in secret
• Devolve:Transfer power to a lower level
• Servitude: Slavery
• Duly: In accordance with what is required or appropriate; following proprer procedure or arrangement
• Bear: support
• Oath: pledge
• Validity: soundness or cogency
• Incurred: Become subject as a result of one's behavior or actions
• Pensions:a regular payment made during a person's retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life
• Emancipation: The fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation
• Provisions:The action of providing or supplying something for use
• Census: An official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals

Sources: Google Definition

http://www.dictionary.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_tempore

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_road

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumeration

Events that led up to the signing of the US Constitution in 1787

Events that led up to the signing of the US Constitution in 1787

 On April 11, 1764 the British Parliament added taxes to sugar and molasses to get more money.

They did the same on April 11, 1765 by passing the Stamp Act and Quartering Act. The quartering Act made the colonists provide supplies for British soldiers in the thirteen colonies. On April 19, 1775 the Revolutionary War started. On the fourth of July in 1776 the Declaration of Independence was signed by the representatives of the colonies. The Articles of Confederation was created on the 15th of November in the year 1777. This allowed each state to have some freedom and laws of their own. There were some rebellions before the constitution was signed. On January 1st of 1786 the state of Virginia called 13 delegates from each state to discuss the problems of the nation and to improve The Articles of Confederation. Only delegates from five states showed up so they planned for next year. People began to realize that America needed a stronger government. One rebellion called Shay's Rebellion happened in Massachusetts' farmers because they lost their land because of debt. on May 14, 1787 twelve delegates from each state except Rhode Island gathered in Philadelphia. On May 25th in Independence Hall they all decided that the states would be using the Connecticut Compromise that needed a bicameral legislature or congress. One of the two houses would be elected by the states' relative populations. The other house would give equal voice to each state. On the 17th of September of the year 1778 the Constitution was signed. It was signed by 33 out of 55 delegates. The constitution needed 9 out of 13 states to approve before it would be effective.

Citation: http://media.timetoast.com/timelines/events-leading-up-to-the-constitution

History an events that lead up to the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215

• In 1205, King John argued with Pope Innocent the third about who should be the archbishop. ThePope wanted someone named Stephen Langton to be the archbishop but King John did not allow that.
• In 1209, The Pope attacked and banned King John from churches and banned all church services.
• King John gave up and The Pope made the king and the peopel give him money whenever he needed.
• In 1212, King John made the people pay taxes in order to get the land he lost back.
• King John argued with the people he made pay taxes because the tax paying methods were unfair.
• The people and Stephen Langton wrote down what King John's problems were. It was called, ' Articles of the Barons'. It was also written on January 1215.
• The people fought against King John.
• The people captured London in May 1215.
• The people took King John by surprise and the king agreed to a meeting at Runnymede.
• King John signed the document on June 10, 1215.
• The 'Articles of the Barons' was later named 'Magna Carta'

Citation: http://www.lordsandladies.org/magna-carta.htm

Vocabulary

Vocabulary for Magna Carta

• Archbishop: The chief bishop responsible for an archdiocese.

• Bishops: A senior member of the Christian clergy, typically in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.
• Abbots: A man who is the head of an abbey of monks.
• Earls: A British nobleman ranking above a viscount and below a marquess
• Barons: A member of the lowest order of the British nobility. 
• Justiciaries: The administration of justice.
• Foresters: A person in charge of a forest or skilled in planting, managing, or caring for trees.
• Stewards: A person who looks after the passengers on a ship, aircraft, or train and brings them meals.
• Bailiffs: A person who performs certain actions under legal authority, in particular.
• Liege Subjects: Loyal subject of the monarch.
• Wardship: the state of being under a guardian.
• Disparagement: Speaking in a disrespectful way
• Indemnified: Compensate someone for harm or loss
• Distrained: Seize someone in order to make them pay
• Wapentake: A subdivision of certain northern and midland English counties, corresponding to a hundred in other countries.
• Postponement: Delay
• Intestate: Not having made a will before one dies.
• Chattels: Personal possession
• Lieu: Instead
• Fief: An estate of land, especially one held on condition of feudal service.
• Kydell: Obsolete
• Tenement: A piece of land held by an owner.
• Socage: A feudal tenure of land involving payment of rent or other nonmilitary service to superior
• Burgage: Tenure of land in town held in return for service or annual rent
• Escheat: The reversion of property to the state, or to a lord, on the owner's dying without legal heirs.
• Disafforsted: Limiting privileges of forests to ordinary land.
• Hitherto: Until now
• Perchance: Perhaps
• Ordain: Make a priest or minister, confer holy orders on

http://www.yourdictionary.com/liege
https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/disparagement
http://www.yourdictionary.com/kydell
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disafforest
Google Definition